My Income Statement Says I Made a Profit But My Bank Account is Empty. Where’d it go?

The answer to this will be a little bit different depending on whether your books are being kept on an accrual basis or a cash basis. For this article we will assume you are keeping your books on a cash basis.

Simply put, cash basis accounting works like this: income is recognized when the cash comes in and expenses are recorded when they are paid. So, theoretically, the final balance in your checkbook at the end of the year would be the amount of profit you made for the year. So, where did the money go if your profit is greater than your bank balance?

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How Raising Capital Impacts Your Financial Statements

Businesses need money to operate and unless your business has retained some earnings to draw from, you might need to go out and raise capital. Although there are complexities that blur the lines, you can broadly think of all capital as falling into two categories:

• Loan-based funding
• Ownership-based funding

Loan-based funding includes borrowing money from the bank or offering a bond or promissory note to private lenders. Ownership-based funding is essentially where you sell a piece of the ownership in the company as a share or stock. You’re probably already familiar with these concepts. But what I want to talk about in this blog post is how each type of funding impacts your financial statements. Knowing this will help inform you about the best choice for your situation when it comes time to raise some capital.

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Income Statement Breakdown (Part 4): Finding the Bottom Line

We’ve been taking apart the income statement to help you better understand it and so that you can find money-saving, profit-increasing opportunities inside of it. This is the fourth and final step in the process and here we are getting close to the bottom line!

So far we’ve…

• Looked at Revenues and came away with Net Sales
• Looked at Cost of Goods Sold (either accrual or cash-based) and came away with Gross Profit
• Looked at Operating Expenses and came away with Net Profit

But those are not the only people who have their hand in the cash register! Let’s not forget banks and the government. In this fourth and final section of the income statement breakdown, we need to make sure they get their share.

Like the other sections, you add up the various expenses you have here and subtract it from Net Profit. This section is sometimes called “Non-Operating Expenses”. If you have shareholders, some of their payouts go here, too.

Now let’s look at this part of the income statement and we’ll compare how the accrual and cash-based system work so you can see both in action:

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Income Statement Breakdown (Part 3): Operating Expenses

This is part 3 of a 4 part series on the income statement. Taking the time to understand each part of your income statement will help you to save money and make more money in your business.

In the Revenues section of your income statement, you started with Gross Sales and ended with Net Sales.  In the Cost of Goods Sold section of your income statement, you had the choice of either using the accrual method or the cash method to take the Net Sales number and end up with Gross Profit.

Now, we’re looking at operating expenses. Operating expenses, as the name implies, are the expenses associated with running your business. These expenses might include salaries, advertising, supplies, rent, insurance, utilities, and depreciation. These are added up and subtracted from the Gross Profit number we calculated in the last section of the income statement. The number we’ll end up here is sometimes called Net Profit and sometimes called “Income”.

Let’s keep building on the income statement of the fictional business we’ve been talking about, but we’ll use both the accrual example and the cash example so you can see how both work:

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Income Statement Breakdown (Part 2): Cost of Goods Sold

Over the next few blog posts, we’re breaking down the income statement so you can understand how it works, see how it impacts your business, and find new opportunities to improve your business because of it. Last week we covered the Revenue section. We started that section with Gross Sales and finished it with Net Sales.

Now we’re looking at the second section of your income statement, Cost of Goods Sold (sometimes called “COGS”). Here, we’ll add up all the costs associated with creating your product or service, and then we’ll subtract it from the Net Sales amount you came away with in the previous section.

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